Literature’s ability to explore the unspoken and express the inexpressible was at the heart of the Festival of European Literature in Tirana, Albania, in December. “Through stories, we can describe feelings, situations and problems that cannot easily be expressed with words. Literature has understood the full spectrum of human existence,” said Greek writer Christos Armando Gezos, who participated in the festival’s opening, organized by the EU Delegation to Albania and the Institute of Italian Culture.

The festival brought together authors from across Europe to celebrate contemporary literature, with discussions spanning themes such as existential struggles, modern societal challenges and the timeless beauty of human connection.

Gezos, who writes about themes like death, freedom and human will, described his perspective as optimistic. “Life is beautiful and painful, and this is not a contradiction. It’s beautiful because it’s painful, and because it’s painful, you can appreciate the small moments of beauty,” he said.

Literature in the digital age

Irish author Katherine Prasifka focused on the transformative impact of social media on human interaction. “Literature allows you to put yourself in someone else’s shoes and live an experience you haven’t had,” she said. Her work explores how the internet has fundamentally altered perceptions of reality.

Italian writer Paolo Giordano emphasized literature’s role in strengthening European identity. “If there’s one thing we need today, it’s a stronger sense of what Europe means. You appreciate its privilege most when you look at it from the borders,” said Giordano, whose books address environmental, human rights and gender issues.

Polish author Margo Rejmer examined Albania’s communist history in her book Mud Sweeter Than Honey. “The isolation of communist Albania was a sociological experiment. Literature connects us to such histories, teaching empathy and resilience,” Rejmer said.

For Croatian writer Miro Gavran, literature highlights the importance of relationships. “There is nothing more beautiful than human closeness. Novels, dramas and comedies allow us to express ourselves and become whole. Life is a vital adventure,” he said.

French author Dominique Barbéris expressed concern about declining interest in literature. “I’ve observed this in France, where literature is being replaced by other pursuits,” she said. Barbéris, who often writes about women and childhood, described literature as a refuge. “There will always be people for whom literature is central, a place where legends endure,” she said.